Why Canada’s Counter-Tariff Is More Than ‘Dollar for Dollar’
Canada calls its counter-tariffs "dollar for dollar." Add up the actual tariff list, though, and the number lands billions higher — here's why.
What is Hysteresis?
Hysteresis is referred to the hypothesis that recessions may have permanent effects on the level of output relative to trend.
Where are the endpoints of QT? Ample Reserve System vs Demand-driven Floor System
Quantitative tightening (QT)—a process central banks use to reverse years of liquidity creation from quantitative easing (QE)—is concluding in many advanced economies. The central banks are growing confident that reserve levels in their financial systems are nearing their endpoints.
Where are the endpoints of QT and what come next?
Shadow Fed Chair — and Powell’s nuclear option to counter it
President Trump's plan to install a "Shadow Chair" months before Jerome Powell's term ends will definitely reshape US monetary policy — but it could face a surprising challenge from Powell himself.
Why the Fed’s Standing Repo Facility Isn’t for Daily Use: An Explainer
"The [Standing Repo Facility (SRF)] rate is set at the top of the FOMC’s target range for the federal funds rate. This combination of an ample supply of reserves and an SRF rate at the top of the target range reduces the day-to-day reliance on the facility except during periods of significant upward pressure on rates resulting from strong liquidity demand or market stress," said John Williams
Why FOMC mulling to cut ON RRP rate by 5 bps?
A relatively unexpected discussion among Federal Reserve officials during November FOMC meeting was that "some" committee members suggested a future consideration of lowering the ON RRP facility rate by 5 basis points. Why are they talking about that?
Is tipflation even part of inflation?
Or, to frame the question in a more technical way: is tipflation even counted as part of Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation?
What is a New Keynesian DSGE Model?
DSGE is a methodology for a wide range of macroeconomics models. One of the most common formulations is the so-called New Keynesian model. New Keynesian economics can be interpreted as an effort to combine the methodological tools developed by real business cycle theory with some of the central tenets of Keynesian economics tracing back to Keynes’ own General Theory.
What is Payment on Reserves Process?
The payment on reserve process proposed by Robert Hall and Ricardo Reis is a way of remunerating reserves which would give the central bank...
Standing Repo Operations—the Fed’s interest rate ceiling tool
The Federal Reserve announced after the December meeting that it removed the aggregate limit on the Standing Repo Facility (SRF).
Repo rates spiked toward the end of the week, with SOFR and the Tri-party General Collateral rate (TGCR) reaching 4.12% and 4.08% on Friday, respectively, breaching the Federal Reserve's overnight interest rate target range.
Why the Fed announces “not-QE” Treasuries purchase program?
Federal Reserve announced yesterday that it will start purchasing Treasury bills from Oct 15 (Tuesday) until at least the second quarter of next year.
How to use the Fed’s FIMA Repo — the case of Hong Kong
Hong Kong Monetary Authority, the de facto central bank of Hong Kong, announced on April 22 that it will utilize the Fed's FIMA Repo facility to borrow USD 10 billion of cash.
Hong Kong dollar amid ‘Asian Financial Crisis in reverse’ — basic explainer
An explainer on how Hong Kong Linked Exchange Rate System works, what Aggregate Balance is, and how interest rate arbitrage help maintains Linked Exchange Rate System.
Hong Kong Linked Exchange Rate & HKD-USD interest rate differential
HKD tends to be on the strong side (closer to HKD 7.75 per USD) when the interest rate differential is positive (HIBOR > LIBOR).
The curious case of why UK and Canada CPI use grocery scanner data but...
A deep dive on why the US's—the world's most important economy—inflation statistics enhancement progress has surprisingly lagged compared to the UK and Canada?
The Fed’s Interest Rate Policy Regime – Corridor System or Floor System
The Fed has changed it interest rate policy regime since 2008, from the so-called Corridor system, to the Floor system it is using right now. What is the different?
Trump appointees will get Fed board majority when Powell is gone – and it...
Trump-appointed Fed governors will hold a board majority by the time Powell steps down as a governor. And that could matter a lot.
No, PPI is not a measure of wholesale inflation
The US Producer Price Index is complicated, and it does more than count the prices wholesalers pay.






















